@ew @alyx @NEETzsche @becassine @mushroom_soup I think the latter was a Muslim South Asian country, not Japan. Marriages were often arranged by family, though there was usually a bit more free will involved through what they call omiai.(and are, they still exist, third-party voluntary omiai services also exist. Omiai are actually still he standard for business heirs and heiresses I believe). There would multiple candidates and they would formally meet each other and see if they get along, in which case they both choose to marry.
Of course marriage is just a contract between a couple and the state to produce children and was created to keep track of paternity. It's not nessecarily about love at all.